Eye (fundus) laser or laser coagulation
An eye laser is used for the treatment of conditions caused by changes in the eye. Laser coagulation is performed in patients with diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina) and in case of damages caused by thrombosis or obstruction of the blood vessels of the eye, peripheral local holes and detachments of the retina, central serous chorioretinopathy, some tumours of the eye, microvascular alterations of the blood vessels of the retina, microaneurysms, teleangiectasias, leakages around blood vessels and other conditions. The procedure may have to be repeated depending upon the diagnosis and severity of the disease.
Light is used for laser coagulation of the tissues of the eye: light with strong energy is absorbed into tissues and converted into thermal energy. When the temperature in tissues rises above 65 degrees, it results in post-coagulation necrosis (burn) and destruction of the proteins. Today, coherent lasers are used, which means that laser beams can be produced in very small diameters and focused on the eye. Different mirror systems are used in a laser in order to focus the laser beam into the right place. Laser beams have very little divergence and therefore they do not produce damages in surrounding tissues. Laser lights with different wavelengths (red, yellow, green) are used separately or in combination. In order to be absorbed in the eye a laser beam has to pass the optical system of the eye consisting of the cornea, lens and vitreous humour, and reach the eye. The laser beam is absorbed by melanin, xanthophyll and haemoglobin in the retinal layers.
Description of the procedure:
- The procedure takes place at a pre-scheduled time.
- The duration of the procedure (including preparation time) is up to 1 hour.
- Eye drops are instilled in the eye in order to widen the pupil.
- Sensitivity to light of the eyes is increased and reading ability is impaired up to 24 hours after the procedure.
- It is not recommended to drive a car after the procedure.
- The procedure is not painful.